Posts Tagged ‘Monsoon Season in India’

Kohima ~ Capital of Nagaland

Sunday, January 2, 2011
posted by ssmith

“Kohima is Yours ~ Keep it Clean”
Welcome to

MBELE!

blog site. This site serves to keep our

Hope For Change International

followers

informed

of our travel exploits
and

inspired

by the dedication of our remarkable H4C partners around the globe. On November 17, 2010, I returned safely home in the USA from a five week journey to Northeast India, specifically to the Indian state of Nagaland which sits below Tibet in the foothills of the Himalaya Mountains. Since most of the world is unfamiliar with this remote region of the world I have taken it upon myself to educate our MBELE! readers as best as I can regarding this unique locale and population. One of my young hosts, Neingulie, stated Nagaland’s development this way, “From headhunters to cyber world in one hundred years!” His use of the term “headhunters” is literal and not at all the post modern usage in Western corporate job hunting circles.
My ultimate destination and purpose of this H4C adventure was to tour our children’s residential school in Mokokchung, Nagaland. An arduous travel intinerary was required as follows: vehicle ride to JFK Airport, flight to Heathrow Airport, UK, flight to Stuttgart, Germany, flight to Istanbul, Turkey, flight to Mumbai, India, flight to Kolkata, India, flight to Dimapur, Nagaland, six-hour vehicle ride to Kohima, and five-hour vehicle ride to Mokokchung. You may be saying, “Whew!” I did! In my quest to become saturated with Naga culture and geography our hosts agreed to a three night stay in Kohima. There, I would visit both historical, commercial, and trekking sites. Before I get to that, though, I cannot resist showing you some examples of “signing” that I saw on city streets and along roads. Here you will find also a mini portion of Kohima’s remarkable history.
Kohima – (Hindi: कोहिमा) is the hilly capital of India’s north eastern border state of Nagaland which shares its borders with Burma. It lies in Kohima District and is also one of the three Nagaland towns with Municipal council status along with Dimapur and Mokokchung. Kohima is so called because “Kew Hi” is the name of a plant grown on the mountainside. “Kew Hi Ma” means “the men of the land where the flower Kew Hi grows”. Earlier, Kohima was known as “Thigoma”. Incursions into the Naga territory beginning in the 1840s met with stiff resistance from the independence loving Nagas who had never been conquered by any empire before. The stiffness of the resistance can be gauged by the fact that it took nearly four decades for the British to conquer a territory that is less than 10,000 square kilometres (the eastern region was left free). Kohima was the first seat of modern administration as the Headquarters of Naga Hills District (then under Assam) with the appointment of G.H. Damant as Political Officer in 1879. When Nagaland became a full fledged state on 1 December 1963, Kohima was christened as the state capital.
In 1944 during World War II the Battle of Kohima along with the simultaneous Battle of Imphal was the turning point in the Burma Campaign. For the first time in South-East Asia the Japanese lost the initiative to the Allies which they then retained until the end of the war. This hand-to-hand battle and slaughter prevented the Japanese from gaining a high base from which they might next roll across the extensive flatlands of India like a juggernaut.
Kohima has a large cemetery for the Allied war dead maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. The cemetery lies on the slopes of Garrison Hill, in what was once the Deputy Commissioner’s tennis court which was the scene of intense fighting, the Battle of the Tennis Court. The epitaph carved on the memorial of the 2nd British Division in the cemetery.
“When you go home, tell them of us and say, ‘For their tomorow, we gave our TODAY’”
This epitaph has become world-famous as the Kohima poem. The verse is attributed to John Maxwell Edmonds (1875–1958), and is thought to have been inspired by the epitaph written by Simonides to honour the Greek who fell at the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC.

Basic Needs ~ Basic Rights

Information billboards abound in Kohima. The above sign reinforces the life principles of basic human needs and basic human rights. Click on any of the pictures to enlarge.
Due to its elevation, Kohima features a more moderate version of a humid subtropical climate. Kohima has a pleasant and moderate climate – not too cold in winters and pleasant summers. December and January are the coldest months when frost occurs and in the higher altitudes snowfall occurs occasionally. During the height of summers, from July–August, temperature ranges an average of 80-90 Fahrenheit. Heavy rainfall occurs during summer.
Kohima is located at 25°40′N 94°07′E / 25.67°N 94.12°E / 25.67; 94.12. It has an average elevation of 1261 metres (4137 feet). The town of Kohima is located on the top of a high ridge and the town serpentines all along the top of the surrounding mountain ranges as is typical of most Naga settlements.
‘Kohima village’ called ‘Bara Basti’ or ‘large village’, which is the second largest village in Asia, forms the northeastern part of Kohima urban area today. The Bara Basti is divided into ‘khels’ or localities. There are four of them, namely – Tsütuonuomia, Lhisemia, Dapfütsumia and Pfuchatsumia. They are termed shortly as T, L, D, and P Khel respectively.
The Nagaland State Museum is comprised of exhibits of gateposts, statues, pillars, and jewelry. A ceremonial drum which looks like a dug-out war canoe is exhibited in a separate shed. The basement of the museum has birds and animals of the North-Eastern hill states.

Earthquake Warnings

Probably, you can read my thoughts as I saw and read many signs about earthquakes, natural disasters, and water usage.

Ripped Billboard Depicts the Effects of Disasters

Assam Oil is the fuel of choice.

One of Dozens of Assam Oil Refuelers

Finally, more appealing signs along the road ~ I tried to read them all to learn about the outlook of the Naga people and city-dwellers of Kohima.

Life Messages Abound in Kohima

And one more sign that I saw on my visit in 2008, and in 2009, and in 2010. The truth of this warning is true on the roads of every nation.

Friendly Government Warnings

As you may know, land line telephone usage is being by-passed by the younger generation in Nagaland as in other developing nations. Many Nagas have two or more mobile phones with different phone plans based on roaming networks and use of SIM cards. Cell phone companies are in fierce competition with each other for the young market.

AIRCEL ~ Mobile Phone Provider

I will close with a snap of some of my Kohima friends minutes before we embarked on our vehicle journey to Mokokchung. Oh, and you are now seeing our Mahindra Scorpio vehicle. In a good way, I now have an emotional attachment to this off-road vehicle. Hopefully, my forthcoming travel videos will display the skills of our drivers over jungle pathways. Our safe travel depended on the Mahindra’s dependability and our excellent drivers! More about them, Moa & Yapang & Bahadur, in a forthcoming blog.

Last snap before leaving these friends in Kohima

And, here is a view of the last Kohima intersection before we drove through our first “Exit Check Point.”

Drivers Keeping to the Left at Busy Intersection

More information and videos regarding HOPE FOR CHANGE may be found on our primary web site www.H4Cinternational.org
MBELE!
Sarah Anne Smith

“Buying 8,000 Liters Per Day”

Monday, June 7, 2010
posted by ssmith
Tiala Ao presenting us with precious gift

Tiala Ao presenting us with precious gift

In 1996, my friends Chuba and Tiala Ao opened a children’s residential school, referred to as an “English” school, in Mokokchung, Nagaland, part of the Northeast States of India. Hindi is also taught to all students. Currently, the enrollment is 430 children ranging in age from four years old through eighteen.  Today I spoke with Tiala and her daughter, Sentila, who now runs the school since her father’s death in July, 2005.  Sentila and her husband, Moa Jamir, are among our HOPE FOR CHANGE partners in India.

Last year Monsoon brought rain during the second week of April which was much earlier than 2009 and 2010 when the school campus was parched until mid-June. Generally, the “dry season” lasts for four months from January thru April and everyone watches the skies over Mokokchung for the winds of Monsoon to bring the big, dark clouds. However, in order to “harvest” rainfall from the sky, the bulging clouds must stall long enough to deposit the rainfall in the existing roof reservoir. When they don’t - the school staff must purchase bottled water.

Rainfall in 2009 was too sparse; in the final analysis rainfall in 2010 was too much ~ crops were ruined. Too much rainfall also brings sickness ~ epidemics of malaria, cholera, and typhoid. Sadly, immunizations are few and far between. Rainfall last year was moderate.

During the months of February and March and early April of last year, school administrators had to send their chief driver, Bahadur, to town to buy water every day. Actually, Bahadur made the 5K drive twice a day never knowing for certain if the town supplies had run out or not.

Now look at the picture up above. Tiala is standing next to a case of twelve 1-litre bottles of water. Add 7,988 litres to that case and you’d have the amount that Bahadur hosed into the truck ‘s water tank each morning and afternoon during the dry months ~ 8,000 litres of water a day. At the present exchange rate the purchase price comes to approximately $ 17.40 per day plus the cost of diesel fuel and Bahadur’s pay. That adds up to just under $130.00 per week and close to $520.00 a month.

In Tiala's kitchen ~ Bahadur on far left

In Tiala's kitchen ~ Bahadur on far left

I can think of better uses for the school’s precious operating funds. So can Tiala, Moa & Sentila. Placing more children in the classrooms and dormitories comes to mind first ~ local children who long for the type of accredited education provided by the school.

Here is good news ~ there is a solution to having to buy 8,000 litres of water a day! Moa, the school’s resident engineer, has a plan to build a second “Roof Reservoir System” which would harvest rain from the heavens during the rainy season. Enough could be collected, stored, and filtered to see the campus residents through next year’s dry season. Wouldn’t that be wonderful!

You can read all about the details of this system and the modest cost on our web site www.H4Cinternational.org Click on the Current Projects Tab and then the Engineering icon and scroll down to “Nagaland Water Reservoir System”. Construction can begin as soon as the funds come in.  Donations may be sent via U.S. Postal System to our Lake Katrine address or through PayPal on the web site. Please note that PayPal deducts a processing fee.

Yours for Hope For Change,

Sarah Anne Smith

Naga school children enjoying "snack time"

Naga school children enjoying "snack time"

windows of boys' dorm ~ middle years

windows of boys' dorm ~ middle years

Some pics from H4C Benefit Concert

Wednesday, May 19, 2010
posted by ssmith

Here are some pictures of the musicians, H4C Directors, and volunteers who made the H4C Benefit Concert a night to remember. We’ll write more soon… Until then ~ huge thanks to all who came and gave to the cause!

H4C Benefit Concert May 2010 014H4C Benefit Concert May 2010 001H4C Benefit Concert May 2010 008H4C Benefit Concert May 2010 011H4C Benefit Concert May 2010 019